![]() Unitized curtain walls, which became available in the mid-1970s, are assembled off-site under controlled conditions in one-storey high units. This approach allows for flexibility and cost savings in smaller projects, but requires a high level of on-site quality control. The earliest modern curtain walls were based on the stick system, which is basically assembled in situ piece-by-piece, with all glazing and other infills installed on the building site. Hence, they offer a flexible enclosure system that can be used in new or retrofit construction. Most curtain wall systems are suspended in front of the primary structural elements, which can be a new or existing structure of concrete, steel, masonry or even wood. Curtain walls are non-loadbearing building enclosures formed from a grid of aluminum (and occasionally steel) elements with clear glass and a variety of infill materials–spandrel glass, metal panels, even stone. Curtain walls are a popular building enclosure for many commercial buildings, and are often considered synonymous with Modern architecture. ![]()
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